H00016 [KEGG MEDICUS

Kegg medicus disease en

H00016
H number	H00016
Name	Oral cancer
Description	Oral cancer refers to a subgroup of head and neck malignancies that develop at the lips, tongue, salivary glands, gingiva, floor of the mouth, oropharynx, buccal surfaces and other intra-oral locations, according to the International Classification of Diseases. Nevertheless, the term is synonymous to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of oral mucosal origin that accounts for more than 90% of all malignant presentations at the aforementioned anatomical sites. Worldwide, oral SCC (OSCC) is the sixth most common cancer; more than 300,000 new cases are diagnosed each year. The development of OSCC is a multistep process requiring the accumulation of multiple genetic alterations, influenced by a patient's genetic predisposition as well as by environmental influences, including tobacco, alcohol, chronic inflammation, and viral infection. The genetic changes include activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), alterations of tumor suppressors p53 and p16, and cyclin D1 overexpression.
Category	Cancer
Network	-
Gene	p53 (mutation, deletion) [HSA:7157] [KO:K04451] p16/INK4A (mutation, loss of expression) [HSA:1029] [KO:K06621] EGFR (overexpression) [HSA:1956] [KO:K04361] c-myc/N-myc (amplification, overexpression) [HSA:4609] [KO:K04377] N-ras (amplification) [HSA:4893] [KO:K07828] K-ras (amplification) [HSA:3845] [KO:K07827] Cyclin D1 (amplification) [HSA:595] [KO:K04503] STAT-3 (expression) [HSA:6774] [KO:K04692]
Pathogen	Human papillomavirus type 16 [GN:T40087] Human papillomavirus type 18 [GN:T40088]
Env factor	-
Carcinogen	-
Drug	-
Comment	-
Other DBs	ICD-11: 2B60 2B61 2B62 2B63 2B64 2B65 2B66 ICD-10: C00 C01 C02 C03 C04 C05 C06 MeSH: D009062
Reference	PMID:17258495 AUTHORS Tsantoulis PK, Kastrinakis NG, Tourvas AD, Laskaris G, Gorgoulis VG TITLE Advances in the biology of oral cancer. JOURNAL Oral Oncol 43:523-34 (2007) DOI:10.1016/j.oraloncology.2006.11.010 PMID:18096889 AUTHORS Choi S, Myers JN TITLE Molecular pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma: implications for therapy. JOURNAL J Dent Res 87:14-32 (2008) DOI:10.1177/154405910808700104 PMID:12444391 AUTHORS Das BR, Nagpal JK. TITLE Understanding the biology of oral cancer. JOURNAL Med Sci Monit 8:RA258-67 (2002) PMID:17530489 AUTHORS Abnet CC. TITLE Carcinogenic food contaminants. JOURNAL Cancer Invest 25:189-96 (2007) DOI:10.1080/07357900701208733 PMID:17646865 AUTHORS Seitz HK, Stickel F. TITLE Molecular mechanisms of alcohol-mediated carcinogenesis. JOURNAL Nat Rev Cancer 7:599-612 (2007) DOI:10.1038/nrc2191 PMID:9448210 AUTHORS Norton SA. TITLE Betel: consumption and consequences. JOURNAL J Am Acad Dermatol 38:81-8 (1998) DOI:10.1016/S0190-9622(98)70543-2 PMID:17163423 AUTHORS Thomas SJ, Bain CJ, Battistutta D, Ness AR, Paissat D, Maclennan R. TITLE Betel quid not containing tobacco and oral cancer: a report on a case-control study in Papua New Guinea and a meta-analysis of current evidence. JOURNAL Int J Cancer 120:1318-23 (2007) DOI:10.1002/ijc.22304 PMID:14996286 AUTHORS Warnakulasuriya S. TITLE Smokeless tobacco and oral cancer. JOURNAL Oral Dis 10:1-4 (2004) DOI:10.1046/j.1354-523X.2003.00975.x PMID:9524432 AUTHORS Hoffmann D, Djordjevic MV. TITLE Chemical composition and carcinogenicity of smokeless tobacco. JOURNAL Adv Dent Res 11:322-9 (1997) DOI:10.1177/08959374970110030301 PMID:15489140 AUTHORS Wogan GN, Hecht SS, Felton JS, Conney AH, Loeb LA. TITLE Environmental and chemical carcinogenesis. JOURNAL Semin Cancer Biol 14:473-86 (2004) DOI:10.1016/j.semcancer.2004.06.010 PMID:15552776 AUTHORS Sasco AJ, Secretan MB, Straif K. TITLE Tobacco smoking and cancer: a brief review of recent epidemiological evidence. JOURNAL Lung Cancer 45 Suppl 2:S3-9 (2004) DOI:10.1016/j.lungcan.2004.07.998 PMID:12767868 AUTHORS Schliephake H. TITLE Prognostic relevance of molecular markers of oral cancer--a review. JOURNAL Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 32:233-45 (2003) DOI:10.1054/ijom.2002.0383 PMID:14693233 AUTHORS Bettendorf O, Piffko J, Bankfalvi A. TITLE Prognostic and predictive factors in oral squamous cell cancer: important tools for planning individual therapy? JOURNAL Oral Oncol 40:110-9 (2004) DOI:10.1016/j.oraloncology.2003.08.010 PMID:15580114 AUTHORS Chimenos-Kustner E, Font-Costa I, Lopez-Lopez J. TITLE Oral cancer risk and molecular markers. JOURNAL Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 9:381-4; 377-80 (2004)

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