| H01652 | |
| H number | H01652 |
| Name | Seborrheic dermatitis |
| Description | Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a common inflammatory dermatological disorder. The characteristic symptoms include scaling, erythema, and itching, which occur most often on the scalp, face, chest, back, axilla, and groin. Its incidence peaks during three age periods: in the first three months of life, during puberty, and in adulthood with an apex at 40 to 60 years of age. The cause of SD is unknown and the disease seems to be multifactorial. Malassezia yeasts are considered to play an important role. They cause an inflammatory reaction that seems to be mediated by free fatty acids, released from sebaceous triglycerides by fungal enzymes such as lipases. The lipid layer of Malassezia can also modulate pro-inflammatory cytokine production by keratinocytes. Although it can be associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection and neurologic disease (e.g., cerebrovascular event, Parkinson disease), SD typically occurs in healthy persons. Its prevalence is 1% to 3% in the general population and 34% to 83% in immunocompromised persons. Topical antifungal agents are the first-line therapy for acute and long-term treatment of SD of the face and body. Treatment includes over-the-counter shampoos and topical antifungals, calcineurin inhibitors, and corticosteroids. |
| Category | Immune system disease; Skin disease |
| Network | - |
| Gene | - |
| Pathogen | Malassezia globosa [GN:mgl] Malassezia restricta [GN:mrt] |
| Env factor | - |
| Carcinogen | - |
| Drug | Dexamethasone sodium phosphate [DR:D00975] Hydrocortisone [DR:D00088] Hydrocortisone butyrate [DR:D01619] Prednisolone [DR:D00472] Ketoconazole [DR:D00351] Selenium sulfide [DR:D05815] Ciclopirox [DR:D03488] Methylprednisolone [DR:D00407] Cortisone acetate [DR:D00973] |
| Comment | - |
| Other DBs | ICD-11: EA81 ICD-10: L21 MeSH: D012628 |
| Reference | PMID:27148560 AUTHORS Borda LJ, Wikramanayake TC TITLE Seborrheic Dermatitis and Dandruff: A Comprehensive Review. JOURNAL J Clin Investig Dermatol 3:10 (2015) DOI:10.13188/2373-1044.1000019 PMID:26016669 AUTHORS Naldi L, Diphoorn J TITLE Seborrhoeic dermatitis of the scalp. JOURNAL BMJ Clin Evid 2015:1713 (2015) PMID:25822272 AUTHORS Clark GW, Pope SM, Jaboori KA TITLE Diagnosis and treatment of seborrheic dermatitis. JOURNAL Am Fam Physician 91:185-90 (2015) |