| H00032 | |
| H number | H00032 |
| Name | Thyroid cancer |
| Description | Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy and accounts for the majority of endocrine cancer- related deaths each year. More than 95% of thyroid carcinomas are derived from follicular cells. Their behavior varies from the indolent growing, well-differentiated papillary and follicular carcinomas (PTC and FTC, respectively) to the extremely aggressive undifferentiated carcinoma (UC). Somatic rearrangements of RET and TRK are almost exclusively found in PTC and may be found in early stages. The most distinctive molecular features of FTC are the prominence of aneuploidy and the high prevalence of RAS mutations and PAX8-PPAR{gamma} rearrangements. p53 seems to play a crucial role in the dedifferentiation process of thyroid carcinoma. |
| Category | Cancer DIS_PATHWAY hsa05216 Thyroid cancer |
| Network | nt06274 Thyroid cancer nt06530(H00032) PI3K signaling |
| Gene | RET/CCDC6 (rearrangement) [HSA:5979 8030] [KO:K05126 K09288] RET/NCOA4 (rearrangement) [HSA:5979 8031] [KO:K05126 K09289] TPM3/NTRK1 (rearrangement) [HSA:4914 7170] [KO:K03176 K09290] TPR/NTRK1 (rearrangement) [HSA:7175 7170] [KO:K09291 K09290] TFG/NTRK1 (rearrangement) [HSA:10342 7170] [KO:K09292 K09290] PAX8/PPARG (rearrangement) [HSA:7849 5468] [KO:K09293 K08530] KRAS [HSA:3845] [KO:K07827] HRAS [HSA:3265] [KO:K02833] NRAS [HSA:4893] [KO:K07828] BRAF [HSA:673] [KO:K04365] CTNNB1 [HSA:1499] [KO:K02105] TP53 [HSA:7157] [KO:K04451] CDH1 [HSA:999] [KO:K05689] MINPP1 [HSA:9562] [KO:K03103] (NMTC1) NKX2-1 [HSA:7080] [KO:K09342] (NMTC2) SRGAP1 [HSA:57522] [KO:K07526] (NMTC4) FOXE1 [HSA:2304] [KO:K09398] (NMTC5) HABP2 [HSA:3026] [KO:K08648] |
| Pathogen | - |
| Env factor | - |
| Carcinogen | - |
| Drug | Doxorubicin hydrochloride [DR:D01275] Dabrafenib mesylate [DR:D10104] (BRAF mutation positive) Trametinib dimethyl sulfoxide [DR:D10176] (BRAF mutation positive) Sorafenib tosylate [DR:D06272] Cabozantinib s-malate [DR:D10095] Lenvatinib mesylate [DR:D09920] Selpercatinib [DR:D11713] (RET fusion positive) Pralsetinib [DR:D11712] (RET fusion positive) Sodium iodide I 131 [DR:D02259] Thyroid [DR:D06482] |
| Comment | - |
| Other DBs | ICD-11: 2D10 ICD-10: C73 MeSH: D013964 OMIM: 188550 188470 616534 616535 |
| Reference | PMID:11165748 AUTHORS Gimm O. TITLE Thyroid cancer. JOURNAL Cancer Lett 163:143-56 (2001) DOI:10.1016/S0304-3835(00)00697-2 PMID:16557281 (RET/CCDC6, TPM3/NTRK1, TPR/NTRK1, TFG/NTRK1, BRAF, CTNNB1, TP53, CDH1) AUTHORS Kondo T, Ezzat S, Asa SL. TITLE Pathogenetic mechanisms in thyroid follicular-cell neoplasia. JOURNAL Nat Rev Cancer 6:292-306 (2006) DOI:10.1038/nrc1836 PMID:16189702 (RET/CCDC6, RET/NCOA4, PAX8/PPARG, KRAS, HRAS, NRAS) AUTHORS Sobrinho-Simoes M, Preto A, Rocha AS, Castro P, Maximo V, Fonseca E, Soares P. TITLE Molecular pathology of well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas. JOURNAL Virchows Arch 447:787-93 (2005) DOI:10.1007/s00428-005-0065-5 PMID:11297621 (MINPP1) AUTHORS Gimm O, Chi H, Dahia PL, Perren A, Hinze R, Komminoth P, Dralle H, Reynolds PR, Eng C TITLE Somatic mutation and germline variants of MINPP1, a phosphatase gene located in proximity to PTEN on 10q23.3, in follicular thyroid carcinomas. JOURNAL J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:1801-5 (2001) DOI:10.1210/jcem.86.4.7419 PMID:19176457 (NMTC1) AUTHORS Ngan ES, Lang BH, Liu T, Shum CK, So MT, Lau DK, Leon TY, Cherny SS, Tsai SY, Lo CY, Khoo US, Tam PK, Garcia-Barcelo MM TITLE A germline mutation (A339V) in thyroid transcription factor-1 (TITF-1/NKX2.1) in patients with multinodular goiter and papillary thyroid carcinoma. JOURNAL J Natl Cancer Inst 101:162-75 (2009) DOI:10.1093/jnci/djn471 PMID:23539728 (NMTC2) AUTHORS He H, Bronisz A, Liyanarachchi S, Nagy R, Li W, Huang Y, Akagi K, Saji M, Kula D, Wojcicka A, Sebastian N, Wen B, Puch Z, Kalemba M, Stachlewska E, Czetwertynska M, Dlugosinska J, Dymecka K, Ploski R, Krawczyk M, Morrison PJ, Ringel MD, Kloos RT, Jazdzewski K, Symer DE, Vieland VJ, Ostrowski M, Jarzab B, de la Chapelle A TITLE SRGAP1 is a candidate gene for papillary thyroid carcinoma susceptibility. JOURNAL J Clin Endocrinol Metab 98:E973-80 (2013) DOI:10.1210/jc.2012-3823 PMID:25381600 (NMTC4) AUTHORS Pereira JS, da Silva JG, Tomaz RA, Pinto AE, Bugalho MJ, Leite V, Cavaco BM TITLE Identification of a novel germline FOXE1 variant in patients with familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC). JOURNAL Endocrine 49:204-14 (2015) DOI:10.1007/s12020-014-0470-0 PMID:26222560 (NMTC5) AUTHORS Gara SK, Jia L, Merino MJ, Agarwal SK, Zhang L, Cam M, Patel D, Kebebew E TITLE Germline HABP2 Mutation Causing Familial Nonmedullary Thyroid Cancer. JOURNAL N Engl J Med 373:448-55 (2015) DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1502449 |