| H01506 | |
| H number | H01506 |
| Name | Hepatic encephalopathy; Hepatic coma |
| Description | Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a brain dysfunction caused by liver insufficiency or portal systemic shunting. HE most commonly occurs in decompensated liver cirrhosis and incorporates a spectrum of manifestations that ranges from mild cognitive impairment to coma. Although its pathogenesis is not entirely understood, one of the main factors is thought to be ammonia. Apart from hyperammonemia, various other pathogenic mechanisms, such as the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) theory, the benzodiazepine theory, the manganese theory, and the theory of oxidative/nitrosative stress, have been implicated in the development of HE. The pharmacological treatments that are currently used in clinical practice are directed toward reducing the production and absorption of gut-derived ammonia. |
| Category | Nervous system disease; Digestive system disease |
| Network | - |
| Gene | - |
| Pathogen | - |
| Env factor | - |
| Carcinogen | - |
| Drug | Rifaximin [DR:D02554] |
| Comment | Lactulose, probiotics, and extracorporeal albumin dialysis, especially MARS, have been demonstrated to be beneficial in cirrhotic patients. |
| Other DBs | ICD-11: DB99.5 ICD-10: K72 MeSH: D006501 |
| Reference | PMID:26557005 AUTHORS Luo M, Guo JY, Cao WK TITLE Inflammation: A novel target of current therapies for hepatic encephalopathy in liver cirrhosis. JOURNAL World J Gastroenterol 21:11815-24 (2015) DOI:10.3748/wjg.v21.i41.11815 PMID:26719720 AUTHORS Grover VP, Tognarelli JM, Massie N, Crossey MM, Cook NA, Taylor-Robinson SD TITLE The why and wherefore of hepatic encephalopathy. JOURNAL Int J Gen Med 8:381-90 (2015) DOI:10.2147/IJGM.S86854 PMID:21885692 AUTHORS Wakim-Fleming J TITLE Hepatic encephalopathy: suspect it early in patients with cirrhosis. JOURNAL Cleve Clin J Med 78:597-605 (2011) DOI:10.3949/ccjm.78a10117 |