| H01532 | |
| H number | H01532 |
| Name | Gout |
| Description | Gout is a kind of arthritis associated with hyperuricemia. It is triggered due to precipitation and deposition of inflammatory monosodium urate crystals in synovial and other tissues, accompanied by severe pain. The most common symptoms include swelling, tenderness, warmth and redness. Mostly, the joint at the base of the big toe is affected, gout progresses with more frequent attacks that involve multiple joints. Joint pain that used to resolve in a week to 10 days could become a milder, but constant pain. Eventually, untreated gout can cause other comorbidities such as high blood pressure, diabetes, chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. The incidence of the disease is more common in 40s men than women, but gout in women after menopause appears increased risk. Recently, the onset in 20s increases. The development of gout is not only associated with sex, age, race and genetics, but also diet and lifestyle are contributed to increasing prevalence of the disease. Epidemiology studies reported that the excessive intake of alcohol and purine rich food, which excessively produce uric acid, leads to accumulation of uric acid. |
| Category | Musculoskeletal disease |
| Network | - |
| Gene | (GOUT1) ABCG2 [HSA:9429] [KO:K05681] (GOUT2) SLC2A9 [HSA:56606] [KO:K08146] (GOUT4) SLC17A3 [HSA:10786] [KO:K12300] (GOUT5/DLACD) LDHD [HSA:197257] [KO:K00102] |
| Pathogen | - |
| Env factor | - |
| Carcinogen | - |
| Drug | Dexamethasone [DR:D00292] Dexamethasone sodium phosphate [DR:D00975] Hydrocortisone [DR:D00088] Indomethacin [DR:D00141] Naproxen [DR:D00118] Naproxen sodium [DR:D00970] Cortisone acetate [DR:D00973] Allopurinol [DR:D00224] Febuxostat [DR:D01206] Lesinurad and allopurinol [DR:D11175] Probenecid [DR:D00475] Lesinurad [DR:D09921] Colchicine [DR:D00570] Pegloticase [DR:D09316] Probenecid and colchicine [DR:D11574] |
| Comment | - |
| Other DBs | ICD-11: FA25 ICD-10: M10 MeSH: D006073 OMIM: 138900 612076 612671 245450 |
| Reference | PMID:25151572 AUTHORS Dalbeth N, Lauterio TJ, Wolfe HR TITLE Mechanism of action of colchicine in the treatment of gout. JOURNAL Clin Ther 36:1465-79 (2014) DOI:10.1016/j.clinthera.2014.07.017 PMID:21894471 AUTHORS Sunkureddi P TITLE Gouty arthritis: understanding the disease state and management options in primary care. JOURNAL Adv Ther 28:748-60 (2011) DOI:10.1007/s12325-011-0058-5 PMID:26977282 AUTHORS Bernal JA, Quilis N, Andres M, Sivera F, Pascual E TITLE Gout: optimizing treatment to achieve a disease cure. JOURNAL Ther Adv Chronic Dis 7:135-44 (2016) DOI:10.1177/2040622315618393 PMID:25437279 AUTHORS MacFarlane LA, Kim SC TITLE Gout: a review of nonmodifiable and modifiable risk factors. JOURNAL Rheum Dis Clin North Am 40:581-604 (2014) DOI:10.1016/j.rdc.2014.07.002 PMID:18834626 (ABCG2 SLC2A9 SLC17A3) AUTHORS Dehghan A, Kottgen A, Yang Q, Hwang SJ, Kao WL, Rivadeneira F, Boerwinkle E, Levy D, Hofman A, Astor BC, Benjamin EJ, van Duijn CM, Witteman JC, Coresh J, Fox CS TITLE Association of three genetic loci with uric acid concentration and risk of gout: a genome-wide association study. JOURNAL Lancet 372:1953-61 (2008) DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61343-4 PMID:31638601 (LDHD) AUTHORS Drabkin M, Yogev Y, Zeller L, Zarivach R, Zalk R, Halperin D, Wormser O, Gurevich E, Landau D, Kadir R, Perez Y, Birk OS TITLE Hyperuricemia and gout caused by missense mutation in d-lactate dehydrogenase. JOURNAL J Clin Invest 129:5163-5168 (2019) DOI:10.1172/JCI129057 |