| H01611 | |
| H number | H01611 |
| Name | Alcohol dependence |
| Description | Alcohol dependence (AD) is a chronic but often disease that includes problems in controlling one's drinking, being preoccupied with alcohol, continuing to use alcohol even when it causes problems, having to drink more to get the same effect (physical dependence), or having withdrawal symptoms when one rapidly decreases or stops drinking. The contribution of genetic factors to the development of AD is high. The best classical candidate genes for AD are alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). Both genes are involved in enzymatic degradation of alcohol. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have reported that the most robust associations for AD have been with such enzyme genes, especially ALDH2 in East Asian populations and ADH1B in European American and African American populations. |
| Category | Mental and behavioural disorder DIS_PATHWAY hsa05034 Alcoholism |
| Network | - |
| Gene | ALDH2 (polymorphism) [HSA:217] [KO:K00128] ADH1B (polymorphism) [HSA:125] [KO:K13951] ADH1C (polymorphism) [HSA:126] [KO:K13951] OPRM1 (polymorphism) [HSA:4988] [KO:K04215] DRD2 (polymorphism) [HSA:1813] [KO:K04145] HTR2A (polymorphism) [HSA:3356] [KO:K04157] GABRA2 (polymorphism) [HSA:2555] [KO:K05175] TAS2R16 (polymorphism) [HSA:50833] [KO:K08474] |
| Pathogen | - |
| Env factor | - |
| Carcinogen | - |
| Drug | Chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride [DR:D00693] Disulfiram [DR:D00131] Acamprosate calcium [DR:D02780] Naltrexone [DR:D05113] Naltrexone hydrochloride [DR:D02095] |
| Comment | - |
| Other DBs | ICD-11: 6C40.2 ICD-10: F10.2 F10.5 MeSH: D000437 OMIM: 103780 |
| Reference | PMID:25985735 AUTHORS Thompson A, Owens L, Pushpakom SP, Faizal M, Pirmohamed M TITLE Pharmacotherapy for alcohol dependence: A stratified approach. JOURNAL Pharmacol Ther 153:10-24 (2015) DOI:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.05.010 PMID:23810221 AUTHORS Franck J, Jayaram-Lindstrom N TITLE Pharmacotherapy for alcohol dependence: status of current treatments. JOURNAL Curr Opin Neurobiol 23:692-9 (2013) DOI:10.1016/j.conb.2013.05.005 PMID:25359488 AUTHORS Samochowiec J, Samochowiec A, Puls I, Bienkowski P, Schott BH TITLE Genetics of alcohol dependence: a review of clinical studies. JOURNAL Neuropsychobiology 70:77-94 (2014) DOI:10.1159/000364826 PMID:26110981 AUTHORS Hart AB, Kranzler HR TITLE Alcohol Dependence Genetics: Lessons Learned From Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) and Post-GWAS Analyses. JOURNAL Alcohol Clin Exp Res 39:1312-27 (2015) DOI:10.1111/acer.12792 PMID:25278008 AUTHORS Zuo L, Lu L, Tan Y, Pan X, Cai Y, Wang X, Hong J, Zhong C, Wang F, Zhang XY, Vanderlinden LA, Tabakoff B, Luo X TITLE Genome-wide association discoveries of alcohol dependence. JOURNAL Am J Addict 23:526-39 (2014) DOI:10.1111/j.1521-0391.2014.12147.x PMID:24456374 AUTHORS Muller CA, Geisel O, Banas R, Heinz A TITLE Current pharmacological treatment approaches for alcohol dependence. JOURNAL Expert Opin Pharmacother 15:471-81 (2014) DOI:10.1517/14656566.2014.876008 PMID:23170934 AUTHORS Rietschel M, Treutlein J TITLE The genetics of alcohol dependence. JOURNAL Ann N Y Acad Sci 1282:39-70 (2013) DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06794.x PMID:25408904 AUTHORS Nieratschker V, Batra A, Fallgatter AJ TITLE Genetics and epigenetics of alcohol dependence. JOURNAL J Mol Psychiatry 1:11 (2013) DOI:10.1186/2049-9256-1-11 PMID:16534506 AUTHORS Prescott CA, Sullivan PF, Kuo PH, Webb BT, Vittum J, Patterson DG, Thiselton DL, Myers JM, Devitt M, Halberstadt LJ, Robinson VP, Neale MC, van den Oord EJ, Walsh D, Riley BP, Kendler KS TITLE Genomewide linkage study in the Irish affected sib pair study of alcohol dependence: evidence for a susceptibility region for symptoms of alcohol dependence on chromosome 4. JOURNAL Mol Psychiatry 11:603-11 (2006) DOI:10.1038/sj.mp.4001811 |