| H00025 | |
| H番号 | H00025 |
| 名称 | 陰茎癌 |
| 概要 | Penile cancer is a disease with a high morbidity and mortality. Its prevalence is relatively rare in developed countries but more common in South America and East Africa. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the predominant tumor type in penile cancer, accounting for 95% of cases. Penile cancers are thought to arise from the progression of precursor lesions and can be subdivided into human papilloma virus (HPV) positive and HPV negative cases. Most common disrupted pathways, both in HPV-mediated and HPV-independent penile carcinogenesis, involve the p14ARF/MDM2/p53 and/or p16INK4a/cyclin D/Rb pathways. HPVs exert their oncogenic effect by expressing the oncoproteins E6 and E7, which bind to and inactivate the p53 and Rb tumor suppressor gene products, respectively. HPV independent mechanisms of pathway inactivation include silencing of the p16INK4a gene by promoter hypermethylation, somatic mutations of the p53 gene, over-expression of MDM2 and mutation of p14ARF. Several other molecular events include alterations in the activity and/or expression of ras and myc genes, cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX) pathway and prostaglandin E2 synthase. These alterations have been described in both HPV-positive and -negative penile cancers. |
| カテゴリ | がん |
| ネットワーク | - |
| 病因遺伝子 | p16/INK4a (promoter hypermethylation) [HSA:1029] [KO:K06621] BMI1 (overexpression) [HSA:648] [KO:K11459] p53 (mutation) [HSA:7157] [KO:K04451] MDM2 (overexpression) [HSA:4193] [KO:K06643] H-ras (mutation) [HSA:3265] [KO:K02833] c-MYC (mutation) [HSA:4609] [KO:K04377] E-Cadherin (expression) [HSA:999] [KO:K05689] MMP-2 (expression) [HSA:4313] [KO:K01398] MMP-9 (expression) [HSA:4318] [KO:K01403] COX-2 (expression) [HSA:5743] [KO:K11987] PTGES2 (expression) [HSA:80142] [KO:K05309] |
| 病原体 | Human papillomavirus type 16 [GN:T40087] Human papillomavirus type 18 [GN:T40088] |
| 環境要因 | - |
| 発癌物質 | - |
| 治療薬 | - |
| コメント | - |
| リンク | ICD-11: 2C81 ICD-10: C60 MeSH: D010412 |
| 文献 | PMID:18607597 著者 Bleeker MC, Heideman DA, Snijders PJ, Horenblas S, Dillner J, Meijer CJ タイトル Penile cancer: epidemiology, pathogenesis and prevention. 雑誌 World J Urol 27:141-50 (2009) DOI:10.1007/s00345-008-0302-z PMID:17466899 著者 Kayes O, Ahmed HU, Arya M, Minhas S. タイトル Molecular and genetic pathways in penile cancer. 雑誌 Lancet Oncol 8:420-9 (2007) DOI:10.1016/S1470-2045(07)70137-7 PMID:18548255 著者 Muneer A, Kayes O, Ahmed HU, Arya M, Minhas S タイトル Molecular prognostic factors in penile cancer. 雑誌 World J Urol 27:161-7 (2009) DOI:10.1007/s00345-008-0275-y PMID:11281434 著者 Severson J, Evans TY, Lee P, Chan T, Arany I, Tyring SK. タイトル Human papillomavirus infections: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and therapy. 雑誌 J Cutan Med Surg 5:43-60 (2001) DOI:10.1177/120347540100500110 PMID:1311142 著者 Daling JR, Sherman KJ, Hislop TG, Maden C, Mandelson MT, Beckmann AM, Weiss NS. タイトル Cigarette smoking and the risk of anogenital cancer. 雑誌 Am J Epidemiol 135:180-9 (1992) DOI:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116270 PMID:16569359 著者 Gentile V, Vicini P, Giacomelli L, Cardillo MR, Pierangeli A, Degener AM. タイトル Detection of human papillomavirus DNA, p53 and ki67 expression in penile carcinomas. 雑誌 Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 19:209-15 (2006) DOI:10.1177/205873920601900121 |