| H01717 | |
| H番号 | H01717 |
| 名称 | 視神経炎 |
| 概要 | Optic neuritis is a demyelinating inflammatory disease of the optic nerve that presents with an abrupt loss of vision. The majority of patients are between the ages of 20 and 50 years, with a mean age ranging from 30 to 35 years. It occurs more commonly in women than in men. The onset is usually with pain on eye movement in one eye and subacute visual loss. One-third of patients have a mildly edematous optic disc. The visual disturbance resolves in 95% of cases. Many cases of optic neuritis are associated with multiple sclerosis or neuromyelitis optica or can occur in isolation. Occasionally, optic neuritis can result from infectious processes involving the paranasal sinuses or occur in the course of a systemic viral infection. High-dosed intravenous methylprednisolone therapy speeds recovery but does not improve the final outcome. For patients judged to be at high risk of developing multiple sclerosis, immune prophylaxis with beta-interferon or glatiramer acetate is recommended. |
| カテゴリ | 神経系疾患 |
| ネットワーク | - |
| 病因遺伝子 | - |
| 病原体 | - |
| 環境要因 | - |
| 発癌物質 | - |
| 治療薬 | デキサメタゾン [DR:D00292] デキサメタゾンリン酸エステルナトリウム [DR:D00975] トリアムシノロンアセトニド [DR:D00983] ヒドロコルチゾン [DR:D00088] コルチゾン酢酸エステル [DR:D00973] ベタメタゾン [DR:D00244] プレドニゾロンコハク酸エステルナトリウム [DR:D01239] メチルプレドニゾロン酢酸エステル [DR:D00979] 乾燥スルホ化人免疫グロブリン [DR:D08786] |
| コメント | See also H01490 Multiple sclerosis and H01491 Neuromyelitis optica. |
| リンク | ICD-11: 9C40.1 ICD-10: H46 MeSH: D009902 |
| 文献 | PMID:22960967 著者 Pedro-Egbe CN, Fiebai B, Ejimadu CS タイトル Visual outcome following optic neuritis: a 5-year review. 雑誌 Niger J Clin Pract 15:311-4 (2012) DOI:10.4103/1119-3077.100628 PMID:26273799 著者 Gal RL, Vedula SS, Beck R タイトル Corticosteroids for treating optic neuritis. 雑誌 Cochrane Database Syst Rev CD001430 (2015) DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD001430.pub4 PMID:26396053 著者 Wilhelm H, Schabet M タイトル The Diagnosis and Treatment of Optic Neuritis. 雑誌 Dtsch Arztebl Int 112:616-25; quiz 626 (2015) DOI:10.3238/arztebl.2015.0616 |