H00106 | |
H number | H00106 |
Name | Complement regulatory protein defects |
Description | To prevent undesirable complement activation, host tissues express a number of complement regulatory proteins (CRPs). They include C1 inhibitor (C1-INH, also termed SERPING1), C4 binding protein (C4BP), Factor I, decay accelerating factor (DAF), CD59, and so on. C1-INH (SERPING1) deficiency can be genetic or acquired, and this causes an episodic, local increase in vascular permeability in the subcutaneous and submucosal layers, identified as angioedema (hereditary or acquired). Genetic deficiency of C4BP has only been reported in one individual who developed an illness with similarities to Behcet's syndrome. Heterozygous mutations within the Factor I gene have been recently identified in individuals with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), while homozygous deficiency of Factor I is an unusual feature. Factor I-deficient patients present high susceptibility to respiratory tract infections and meningitis. Kidney impairment and autoimmune disorders have also been observed. Only a single case of CD59 deficiency has been reported and this individual developed a paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria(PNH)-like illness. In contrast, deficiency of DAF is not associated with haemolytic anaemia. |
Category | Primary immunodeficiency |
Network | nt06513 Complement cascade nt06514(H00106) Coagulation cascade |
Gene | SERPING1 [HSA:710] [KO:K04001] C4BPA [HSA:722] [KO:K04002] C4BPB [HSA:725] [KO:K04003] CFI [HSA:3426] [KO:K01333] CD55 [HSA:1604] [KO:K04006] CD59 [HSA:966] [KO:K04008] |
Pathogen | - |
Env factor | - |
Carcinogen | - |
Drug | Pozelimab [DR:D11477] |
Comment | - |
Other DBs | ICD-11: 4A00.1Y OMIM: 106100 610984 612300 |
Reference | PMID:19481265 AUTHORS Botto M, Kirschfink M, Macor P, Pickering MC, Wurzner R, Tedesco F TITLE Complement in human diseases: Lessons from complement deficiencies. JOURNAL Mol Immunol 46:2774-83 (2009) DOI:10.1016/j.molimm.2009.04.029 PMID:19162547 AUTHORS Cugno M, Zanichelli A, Foieni F, Caccia S, Cicardi M TITLE C1-inhibitor deficiency and angioedema: molecular mechanisms and clinical progress. JOURNAL Trends Mol Med 15:69-78 (2009) DOI:10.1016/j.molmed.2008.12.001 PMID:18374984 AUTHORS Ponce-Castro IM, Gonzalez-Rubio C, Delgado-Cervino EM, Abarrategui-Garrido C, Fontan G, Sanchez-Corral P, Lopez-Trascasa M TITLE Molecular characterization of Complement Factor I deficiency in two Spanish families. JOURNAL Mol Immunol 45:2764-71 (2008) DOI:10.1016/j.molimm.2008.02.008 PMID:17162365 AUTHORS Kumar A, Teuber SS, Gershwin ME. TITLE Current perspectives on primary immunodeficiency diseases. JOURNAL Clin Dev Immunol 13:223-59 (2006) DOI:10.1080/17402520600800705 PMID:17952897 AUTHORS Geha RS, Notarangelo LD, Casanova JL, Chapel H, Conley ME, Fischer A, Hammarstrom L, Nonoyama S, Ochs HD, Puck JM, Roifman C, Seger R, Wedgwood J. TITLE Primary immunodeficiency diseases: an update from the International Union of Immunological Societies Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases Classification Committee. JOURNAL J Allergy Clin Immunol 120:776-94 (2007) DOI:10.1016/j.jaci.2007.08.053 |