H01635 | |
H number | H01635 |
Name | Hyperlipidemia |
Description | Dyslipidemia is a condition characterized by either an increase or decrease in concentration of lipids in the blood. Hyperlipidemia, which refers to an increase in cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), or both, is the most common form of dyslipidemia. Hyperlipidemias can be classified as familial (also called primary) caused by an inherited gene mutation, or acquired (also called secondary) when resulting from underlying disorders that lead to alterations in plasma lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. The causes of acquired hyperlipidemia include dietary, alcohol intake, oral contraceptives, diabetes mellitus, and pharmacological agents (e.g., retinoic acid derivatives, steroids, and beta-blockers). Familial hyperlipidemias are classified according to the Fredrickson classification (hyperlipoproteinemia types I to V) which is based on lipoprotein analyses by electrophoresis or ultracentrifugation. It was later adopted by the World Health Organization (WHO). Hyperlipidemias are also classified according to which types of lipids are elevated. Hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and combined hyperlipidemia refer to elevations involving the major cholesterol-rich lipoproteins (LDL), triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (VLDL), and both, respectively. |
Category | Endocrine and metabolic disease |
Network | nt06320 APOB-LDLR signaling |
Gene | (Hyperlipoproteinemia type 1) APOC2 [HSA:344] [KO:K22287] (Hyperlipoproteinemia type 1,2) LPL [HSA:4023] [KO:K01059] (Hyperlipoproteinemia type 2) LDLR [HSA:3949] [KO:K12473] (Hyperlipoproteinemia type 5) APOA5 [HSA:116519] [KO:K09025] |
Pathogen | - |
Env factor | - |
Carcinogen | - |
Drug | Niacin [DR:D00049] Simvastatin [DR:D00434] Lovastatin [DR:D00359] Pravastatin sodium [DR:D00893] Fluvastatin sodium [DR:D00892] Atorvastatin calcium [DR:D02258] Atorvastatin calcium propylene glycol solvate [DR:D11095] Pitavastatin calcium [DR:D01862] Pitavastatin magnesium [DR:D11092] Gemfibrozil [DR:D00334] Fenofibrate [DR:D00565] Choline fenofibrate [DR:D08890] Cholestyramine resin [DR:D02690] Colestipol hydrochloride [DR:D02113] Colesevelam hydrochloride [DR:D03582] Ezetimibe [DR:D01966] Evolocumab [DR:D10557] Alirocumab [DR:D10335] Niacin and lovastatin [DR:D10292] Ezetimibe and simvastatin [DR:D10257] Amlodipine besilate and atorvastatin calcium [DR:D08488] Ezetimibe and rosuvastatin [DR:D11520] Fenofibric acid [DR:D11579] |
Comment | - |
Other DBs | ICD-11: 5C80 ICD-10: E78 MeSH: D006949 OMIM: 238600 207750 143890 144250 144650 |
Reference | PMID:19306526 AUTHORS Alwaili K, Alrasadi K, Awan Z, Genest J TITLE Approach to the diagnosis and management of lipoprotein disorders. JOURNAL Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 16:132-40 (2009) DOI:10.1097/MED.0b013e328329135a PMID:4930042 AUTHORS Beaumont JL, Carlson LA, Cooper GR, Fejfar Z, Fredrickson DS, Strasser T TITLE Classification of hyperlipidaemias and hyperlipoproteinaemias. JOURNAL Bull World Health Organ 43:891-915 (1970) PMID:193431 AUTHORS Havel RJ TITLE Classifications of the hyperlipidemias. JOURNAL Annu Rev Med 28:195-209 (1977) DOI:10.1146/annurev.me.28.020177.001211 |