| H01703 | |
| H number | H01703 |
| Name | Eating Disorders |
| Description | Eating disorders, which include anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED), are disorders defined by disturbances in eating behavior. Anorexia nervosa (AN) is the oldest recognized eating disorder. The salient features of this eating disorder are a relentless pursuit of thinness, accompanied by a fear of becoming fat despite being markedly underweight. In women, anorexia nervosa is associated with global endocrine dysregulation, including hypothalamic-pituitary axis dysfunction and alterations in adipokine and appetite regulating hormone levels. Bulimia nervosa (BN) is defined by eating behaviors that include episodes of binge eating which are followed by recurrent self-induced vomiting performed in an attempt to avoid weight gain from the caloric overload. Binge eating disorder (BED) is currently characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating occurring at least twice a week for 6 months or longer. In contrast to bulimia nervosa, there are no inappropriate compensatory behaviors such as vomiting. Eating disorders frequently develop during adolescence or early adulthood, but some studies have reported their onset during childhood or later in adulthood. There is growing evidence supporting a multifactorial etiology that includes genetic, neurochemical, and physiological components for eating disorders above and beyond the more conventional theories based on psychological and sociocultural factors. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a critical role in regulating nerves in the brain. Recent studies have provided evidence that BDNF also plays a role in regulating eating behaviors. In addition, an association between the BDNF gene polymorphism and eating disorders has been demonstrated. Other genetic risk factors for eating disorders have also been reported. |
| Category | Mental and behavioural disorder |
| Network | - |
| Gene | BDNF [HSA:627] [KO:K04355] AGRP [HSA:181] [KO:K05231] GHRL [HSA:51738] [KO:K05254] OPRD1 [HSA:4985] [KO:K04213] HTR1D [HSA:3352] [KO:K04153] |
| Pathogen | - |
| Env factor | - |
| Carcinogen | - |
| Drug | Fluoxetine hydrochloride [DR:D00823] Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate [DR:D04747] |
| Comment | - |
| Other DBs | ICD-11: 6B8Y ICD-10: F50 MeSH: D001068 OMIM: 606788 610269 |
| Reference | PMID:23348361 AUTHORS Heaner MK, Walsh BT TITLE A history of the identification of the characteristic eating disturbances of Bulimia Nervosa, Binge Eating Disorder and Anorexia Nervosa. JOURNAL Appetite 65:185-8 (2013) DOI:10.1016/j.appet.2013.01.005 PMID:12888803 AUTHORS Ribases M, Gratacos M, Armengol L, de Cid R, Badia A, Jimenez L, Solano R, Vallejo J, Fernandez F, Estivill X TITLE Met66 in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) precursor is associated with anorexia nervosa restrictive type. JOURNAL Mol Psychiatry 8:745-51 (2003) DOI:10.1038/sj.mp.4001281 PMID:22960103 AUTHORS Atalayer D, Gibson C, Konopacka A, Geliebter A TITLE Ghrelin and eating disorders. JOURNAL Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 40:70-82 (2013) DOI:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.08.011 PMID:24831852 AUTHORS Yilmaz Z, Kaplan AS, Tiwari AK, Levitan RD, Piran S, Bergen AW, Kaye WH, Hakonarson H, Wang K, Berrettini WH, Brandt HA, Bulik CM, Crawford S, Crow S, Fichter MM, Halmi KA, Johnson CL, Keel PK, Klump KL, Magistretti P, Mitchell JE, Strober M, Thornton LM, Treasure J, Woodside DB, Knight J, Kennedy JL TITLE The role of leptin, melanocortin, and neurotrophin system genes on body weight in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. JOURNAL J Psychiatr Res 55:77-86 (2014) DOI:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.04.005 PMID:15389773 AUTHORS Koronyo-Hamaoui M, Gak E, Stein D, Frisch A, Danziger Y, Leor S, Michaelovsky E, Laufer N, Carel C, Fennig S, Mimouni M, Apter A, Goldman B, Barkai G, Weizman A TITLE CAG repeat polymorphism within the KCNN3 gene is a significant contributor to susceptibility to anorexia nervosa: a case-control study of female patients and several ethnic groups in the Israeli Jewish population. JOURNAL Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 131B:76-80 (2004) DOI:10.1002/ajmg.b.20154 PMID:12740597 AUTHORS Bergen AW, van den Bree MB, Yeager M, Welch R, Ganjei JK, Haque K, Bacanu S, Berrettini WH, Grice DE, Goldman D, Bulik CM, Klump K, Fichter M, Halmi K, Kaplan A, Strober M, Treasure J, Woodside B, Kaye WH TITLE Candidate genes for anorexia nervosa in the 1p33-36 linkage region: serotonin 1D and delta opioid receptor loci exhibit significant association to anorexia nervosa. JOURNAL Mol Psychiatry 8:397-406 (2003) DOI:10.1038/sj.mp.4001318 |